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Stress and Puberty
 What is the relation
between stress and puberty? According to the findings by a research team from Utrecht University, stress delays the onset of puberty. Experimentally, they showed that animals when subjected to stress, have developed their genitals slowly than usual and hence reached puberty later than normal. The team attributes this effect to the hormone cortisol.
The experiment was conducted on the fish species, Carp. The research team changed the water temperatures to induce stress in fishes. The water temperature was lowered from 25 degree Celsius to 14 degree Celsius thrice a week, and the growth of reproductive cells in the fishes was constantly monitored.
After few weeks, it was found that the fishes that were subjected to stress developed its genitals slowly than the ones which were cultured under normal conditions. As mentioned earlier, this behavior was attributed to the hormone cortisol produced in the fish body, a fact that was later proved through another couple of experiments.
In one of the experiments, the fishes were subjected to stress, but the production of cortisol in its body was artificially 'switched off'. These fishes reached puberty like in any other normal and healthy fish. In the second experiment, the fishes were subjected to no stress, but they were injected with periodic doses of cortisol. In these fishes, the onset of puberty was delayed than usual. Combining the observations of the two experiments, it was concluded that it is indeed the hormone cortisol that is delaying puberty.
To better understand the role of cortisol in the system, here is a glimpse of its actions in the human body. Cortisol, if present in increased amounts, delays the development of reproductive cells into sperm. This retards the growth rate of sexual organs and also the steroid supply into the blood stream. It is these steroids that are released into the blood stream during puberty that ensures the proper development and growth of brain, pituitary gland, and testes.
So, when cortisol delays the production of steroids, it affects the hormone level communication between the brain and the pituitary gland, and hence the development of testes and eventually, results in a delayed puberty. Here, it must be understood that all these complex hormones involved in the process of sexual maturity is self regulatory. If one hormone level dips, the entire balance is affected. This exactly happens here.
More researches on the same topic are going on in different universities, but the scientists are yet to reach a consensus. Hopefully, they'll arrive at one soon.
Adolescence
is a time that many youths undergo a wide number of sexual changes. These changes may be physical or mental and have a great impact on the individual.
This period is a trying time not only for the unruly teenager but you as the parent too. The teenager at this point of time experiences a
drastic mental, emotional and physical change not to mention the
sexual development that is in process simultaneously.
For most parents the nightmare starts as soon as the child turns to be a teenager. This is the phase when he or she may get a taste of sexual pleasure or may want to explore sexual drive. The rapid physical changes in sex organs and the mental setup during adolescence bring about an arousing sexual pleasure that most young ones would like to experience. At first many young people during the teen age may take time adapting to or showing vital signs of libido and in such cases they may seek your guidance.
This is the time that many parents have to face and accept as a challenge. It really depends on how well you can guide the teenager and let
them know about the pros and cons of sexual activities.
Sex education is a must at such an age, as many teenagers tend to get misguided and fall prey to potential sex transmitted diseases
(STD).
On close observation of the ongoing trend, facts reveal that pre-marital sex is increasing and this results in teen pregnancy along with various sexually transmitted diseases. With the amount of violence that can be observed in the movies that are made today, sexual harassment and rape cases are serious matters that cannot be discarded.
Educating Teenagers Through Communication 
The right and most effective approach to ensure your young one is following the right path, open talks and communication is necessary. Speak openly with the child and educate
them about sex and their consequences.
The number of rape cases; sexually transmitted diseases like AIDS;
and teen pregnancy have increased drastically. What's more terrifying is that awareness of contraception and diseases that could be transmitted through sexual intercourse has not been shared effectively and that's what most parents should take care of on priority basis.
Other issues like homosexuality are found to be very difficult to deal with. However proper education and guidance can ensure that the child does not adopt the wrong path.
Parenting Guidance
One of the prime duties or responsibilities of parents is to ensure that
their child is well educated about sexual behavior and what are the deadly diseases linked with it. Parenting guidance is a must for all, as it doesn't take time for a teenager to start indulging in sexual drive or other forms of sexual pleasure.
Open talks and awareness are key factors that although may be very difficult to adapt to but are sure helpful in educating what is right and what is wrong about sexual activities. This way you can prepare the child or teenager to the next phase in his life and protect him from various sexual issues that could prove to be very fatal.
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